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Rheumatoid Arthritis Surgery: When Is It Needed? An Orthopedic Guide

What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term disease that causes swelling and pain in the joints. It happens when the immune system attacks healthy joint tissue by mistake. Over time, this can damage the joints and make movement hard. While medicines help many people, some may need rheumatoid arthritis surgery if damage is severe.

Common Symptoms and Impact on Joints

People with rheumatoid arthritis often notice joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Usually, these symptoms start in the hands, wrists, or feet. Over time, joints may lose their shape. This can make daily tasks difficult. Sometimes, joints become so damaged that they do not work well at all. In these cases, pain may not go away, even with rest or medicine.

  • Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes
  • Swollen, tender joints
  • Fatigue and low energy
  • Loss of joint movement
  • Deformity or changes in joint shape

    • Non-Surgical Treatments: When Are They Enough?

    Most people start with non-surgical treatments. These include medicines, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. For example, doctors may suggest anti-inflammatory drugs or disease-modifying medicines. Physical therapy can help keep joints flexible. Sometimes, splints or braces support weak joints. When these treatments control pain and swelling, surgery is not needed. However, if joints keep getting worse, other options may be needed.

    When Is Surgery Needed in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

    Doctors consider rheumatoid arthritis surgery when other treatments do not help. Usually, surgery is needed if:

  • Pain is severe and does not improve with medicine
  • Joint damage makes daily tasks hard or impossible
  • Joints are unstable or very deformed
  • There is a risk of losing joint function completely

    • In many cases, doctors use the term “rheumatoid arthritis surgery indications” to describe these reasons. If you wonder when to consider surgery for rheumatoid arthritis, talk to your orthopedic doctor. They will check your symptoms and joint health before making a plan.

    Types of Orthopedic Surgeries for Rheumatoid Arthritis

    There are several orthopedic surgery options for rheumatoid arthritis. The choice depends on which joints are affected and how much damage there is. Common types include:

  • Joint replacement: Damaged joints, like hips or knees, are replaced with artificial ones. This is called joint replacement for rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Synovectomy: The inflamed joint lining is removed to reduce pain and swelling.
  • Tendon repair: Torn or damaged tendons around joints are fixed.
  • Joint fusion: Two bones are joined together to make the joint stable and reduce pain.

    • Your orthopedic surgeon will explain which surgery is best for your needs.

    Benefits and Risks of Surgery

    Surgery can help reduce pain and improve movement. Many people find it easier to do daily tasks after surgery. For example, joint replacement can restore lost function. However, all surgeries have risks. These may include infection, blood clots, or problems with the new joint. Sometimes, more surgery is needed later. Your doctor will discuss the benefits and risks before you decide.

    Recovery and Lifestyle Guidance After Surgery

    After surgery, recovery takes time. Most people need physical therapy to regain strength and movement. It is important to follow your doctor’s advice. Eating healthy foods and staying active can help healing. Sometimes, you may need to use a cane or walker for a short time. With the right care, many people return to their daily routines.

    Prevention and Early Management Tips

    While not all cases can be prevented, early treatment can slow joint damage. Here are some tips:

  • See your doctor if you notice joint pain or swelling
  • Take medicines as prescribed
  • Stay active with gentle exercises
  • Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
  • Protect your joints during daily tasks

    • Early management may help you avoid or delay the need for surgery.

    Conclusion

    Rheumatoid arthritis surgery is often a last step when other treatments do not work. It can help restore movement and reduce pain. However, it is important to talk with an orthopedic specialist about the best options for you. Consult an orthopedic specialist to discuss the best treatment options for your rheumatoid arthritis.

    Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), PubMed